教师招聘专项练习之“英语语言学”必做10题

http://www.hteacher.net 2019-11-15 10:36 教师招聘网 [您的教师考试网]

1. The sense relationship between “male” and “female” is ___________.

A. complementarity B. gradability C. relational opposites D. hyponymy

2. The distinction between “competence” and “performance” was made by ____________.

A. Chomsky B. Saussure C. Halliday D. Bloomfield

3. Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This is what we mean by ________________.

A. duality B. productivity C. displacement D. arbitrariness

4. The formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another is called ________________.

A. blending B. clipping C. acronymy D. compounding

5. Language is passed on from one generation to the next by teaching and learning rather than by distinct. This property of language is called _____________.

A. interchangeability B. productivity C. cultural transmission D. arbitrariness

6. Which of the following words is made up of bound morphemes only?

A. happiness B. television C. ecology D. teacher

7. The ___________ function refers to the fact that language can be used for establishing a favorable atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas.

A. phatic B. directive C. evocative D. performative

8. The term ________ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.

A. synchronic B. diachronic

C. comparative D.historical comparative

9. A linguistic study is ____________ if it tries to lay down rules for the correct use of language.

10. It is commonly believed that the basic function of language is that it’s used for___________.

答案解析

1.A【解析】考查语义学。“男性”和“女性”是一对互补反义词，非此即彼。A互补关系，B等级关系，C互逆关系，D上下义关系。故选A。

2.A【解析】语言能力和语言行为两个词是乔姆斯基区分的，语言和言语是索绪尔区分的。故选A。

3.C【解析】语言能够用来指代不存在于谈话者当前的物体，这指的是语言的“移位性”。故选C。

4.A【解析】考查构词法。通过组合两个词的部分，或者一个词加上另一个词的部分，这种构词法属于混合法。故选A。

5.C【解析】考查语言。题干句意为“语言通过教学代代相传而不是通过本能”，这说明语言具有文化传递性。故选C。

6.C【解析】考查词素。题干问的是下面哪个词只由黏着词素构成，A由happy+ness构成，B由tele+vision构成，C由eco-+logy构成，D由teach+er构成。故选C。

7.A【解析】考查语言的功能。题干的句意为“语言可以用来营造良好的氛围或维持社会交往，而不是用来交换信息或思想。”，根据这个描述，考查的是寒暄功能。B指示功能，C情感功能，D施事功能。

8.B【解析】考查语言学术语辨析。题干句意为“研究语言在不同时期和不同历史阶段的变化”，这个描述符合历时性语言学的特征，共时性指的是研究某一特定时期的语言。故选B。

9.prescriptive【解析】考查词组术语辨析。根据题干句意“为语言的正确使用制定规则”，这应当属于“规定性”语言学。

10.human communication【解析】考查语言。语言最基本的功能是人类的交际，这也是语言的定义。

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